Type 1.5 Diabetes:
Previously it was thought that any young patient, usually less than 25 years of age, presenting as DKA is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and any elderly patient, usually more than 25 years of age, whose sugars values are incidentally high are Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
But there is "in-between" diabetes with atypical
presentation with respect to age, which is known as Type 1.5 Diabetes Mellitus.
There are 2 type of 1.5 Diabetes Mellitus:
1. Ketosis Prone Diabetes.
2. Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA).
Ketosis Prone Diabetes:
In this condition, young patients present with Diabetic
Keto Acidosis (DKA), and initially labelled as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. But as
time goes (after 10-15 years), insulin requirements decreases and patient can
be managed on Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHAs).
So, actually patient is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus which
presented earlier as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. This type of Diabetes is called
as Ketosis Prone Diabetes.
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA):
In this condition, elderly patient presents with
incidentally high random blood sugar (RBS) value, and initially labelled as
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and started on Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHAs). But as
time goes, there will be need of insulin and requirements also increases and
patient will become insulin dependent.
So, actually
patient is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus which presented late as Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus. This is also an auto immune diabetes like Type 1, so it is known as Latent
Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA).
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